Timeline of Moncton history
This is a timeline of the history of Moncton.
Aboriginal Period
17th Century
- 1670s – Chignecto settlement at the head of the Bay of Fundy established by the Acadian people.[1]
- 1686 – The earliest reference to the "Petcoucoyer River" on the de Meulles Map.[1]
- 1700 – Chipodie Acadian settlement established at the mouth of the Petitcodiac River.
18th century
- 1733 – Community of "Le Coude" (The Elbow) established near Halls Creek, at site of present day Moncton.
- 1751 – Fort Beauséjour at Aulac is built by France in response to the British construction of nearby Fort Lawrence.[2]
- 1755 – British forces under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Robert Monckton take Fort Beausejour and rename it Fort Cumberland.
- 1755 – Expulsion of the Acadian people, including from the Petitcodiac River valley. Some Acadians escape into the woods and begin to conduct a resistance campaign against the British.
- 1758 – Battle of Stoney Creek, end of the Acadian resistance.
- 1761 – English Tantramar Township established.
- 1766 – Captain John Hall arrives from Pennsylvania with a land grant from the Philadelphia Land Company and establishes Monckton Township with eight immigrant "Deutsch" families. The community is named "The Bend of the Petitcodiac".
- 1780s – Acadians begin to return from exile and resettle in New Brunswick.
19th century
- 1810s – Wooden shipbuilding industry begins to become an important factor in the local economy.
- 1836 – Regular stage coach and mail service starts, connecting Halifax, Monckton Township and Saint John.
- 1855 – "The Bend" is incorporated as the town of "Moncton"; misspelling is due to a clerical error. The first mayor of the new town is the shipbuilder Joseph Salter.
- 1857 – The European and North American Railway opens its line between Moncton and Shediac.[3]
- 1859 – E&NA RR opens second line between Moncton and Saint John.[3]
- 1860s – Wooden shipbuilding industry collapses. Westmorland Bank falls into bankruptcy. Severe economic recession occurs in Moncton.
- 1862 – Moncton loses its incorporated status.
- 1868 – Times & Transcript founded.
- 1871 – Moncton selected to be the headquarters of the Intercolonial Railway of Canada.[4]
- 1875 – Moncton able to reincorporate with the motto "Resurgo" (I rise again).
- 1890 – Moncton achieves city status.[1]
20th century
- 1906 – Massive fire destroys ICR shops. City successfully lobbies federal government to have the shops rebuilt, preserving the local railway industry.
- 1912 – Moncton selected as the eastern terminus of the National Transcontinental Railway.
- 1913 – Moncton Public Library opened.[5]
- 1918 – ICR and NTR merge, forming the Canadian National Railway. Moncton becomes headquarters of the CNR Maritime division.
- 1920 – Eaton's catalogue warehouse opens in Moncton.
- 1922 – "CNRA", Moncton's first radio station, goes on the air.
- 1926 – The Capitol Theatre opens.[6]
- 1928 – Moncton Airport established, first commercial air traffic into and out of the city.[7]
- 1929 – Moncton Flight College established.
- 1935 – Moncton High School founded.
- 1940 – CFB Moncton is established as the main military supply base in Atlantic Canada.
- 1954 – Moncton's first TV station, CKCW-TV, goes on the air.
- 1959 – Dieppe Commandos founded.
- 1963 – Université de Moncton is founded.[8]
- 1968 – The Petitcodiac River causeway is built.[9]
- 1970s – Social unrest as Acadians become politically assertive over minority rights.
- 1974 – Moncton Museum established.
- 1980s – Severe economic recession occurs due to several major employers terminating operations in the city, including the Eaton's catalogue division, the CNR shops and CFB Moncton.
- 1981 – Codiac Transit founded.
- 1984 – Pope John Paul II visits Moncton and stages papal mass for 75,000 celebrants.[10]
- 1990s – "Moncton Miracle" occurs as the economy restructures with a shift towards information technology and call centres, as well as a refocussing upon the retail, distribution, transportation and light manufacturing sectors.
- 1990 – Crystal Palace (Moncton) opened.
- 1996 – The Wildcats of the QMJHL are established.[11]
- Atlantic Baptist University relocates to a new campus and achieves full university designation.
- 1999 – Moncton hosts the Francophonie Summit with the heads of state from 54 nations attending the conference.[12]
21st century
See also
History of Moncton
Notes
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